Those with diabetes have high blood sugar, and over time, if neglected, elevated blood glucose levels can affect different aspects of health. One of the common complications is joint pain. Joints keep the bones from rubbing together, prevent breakage, allow movement, and provide dexterity. Joint pain or discomfort may be temporary or chronic, affecting the ability to perform daily activities. Diabetic joint pain could also stem from musculoskeletal or nervous system problems.

Here are a few complications of high blood sugar that can cause joint pain:

Musculoskeletal conditions
When left untreated, diabetes can cause the breakdown of the musculoskeletal system, causing joint pain and limiting movement. People with diabetes have a higher risk of developing the following conditions that cause joint pain and discomfort.

Carpal tunnel syndrome: Symptoms include pain in the arm and hand, sensation of pins and needles, hand or wrist weakness, and tingling or numbness.

Dupuytren’s contracture: Here, drawing up or thickening of the skin of the palm is the most common symptom. Over time, this condition may limit the ability to fully straighten the fingers.

Trigger finger: Common symptoms for this condition include finger stiffness, popping or clicking sensation during movement, and tenderness or bumps at the base of the affected finger.

Frozen shoulder: This condition causes pain or tenderness with shoulder movement, which can make the joint stiffer and limit mobility.

Osteoporosis: People with type 1 diabetes have a higher risk of developing this condition that weakens the bones. Some signs of this condition include loss of height, stooped posture, or broken bones.

Nervous system conditions
As diabetes progresses, it can cause nerve damage. This may increase the risk of conditions such as:

Charcot joint: Also known as diabetic arthropathy, this condition leads to symptoms like warmth, redness, or swelling in the joints, numbness, and changes in the appearance of the feet.

Osteoarthritis: People with type 2 diabetes are at a higher risk of developing osteoarthritis, which can cause joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and loss of joint flexibility or movement. Exercising regularly, eating well, and engaging in physical therapy can help lower this risk.